181 lines
7.3 KiB
Markdown
181 lines
7.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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date: "2016-12-01T16:00:00+02:00"
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title: "Installation from source"
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slug: "install-from-source"
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weight: 10
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toc: true
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draft: false
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menu:
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sidebar:
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parent: "installation"
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name: "From source"
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weight: 30
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identifier: "install-from-source"
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---
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# Installation from source
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You should [install go](https://golang.org/doc/install) and set up your go
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environment correctly. In particular, it is recommended to set the `$GOPATH`
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environment variable and to add the go bin directory or directories
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`${GOPATH//://bin:}/bin` to the `$PATH`. See the Go wiki entry for
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[GOPATH](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/GOPATH).
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Next, [install Node.js with npm](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) which is
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required to build the JavaScript and CSS files. The minimum supported Node.js
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version is {{< min-node-version >}} and the latest LTS version is recommended.
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**Note**: When executing make tasks that require external tools, like
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`make misspell-check`, Gitea will automatically download and build these as
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necessary. To be able to use these, you must have the `"$GOPATH/bin"` directory
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on the executable path. If you don't add the go bin directory to the
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executable path, you will have to manage this yourself.
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**Note 2**: Go version {{< min-go-version >}} or higher is required. However, it is recommended to
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obtain the same version as our continuous integration, see the advice given in
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<a href='{{< relref "doc/advanced/hacking-on-gitea.en-us.md" >}}'>Hacking on
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Gitea</a>
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## Download
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First, we must retrieve the source code. Since, the advent of go modules, the
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simplest way of doing this is to use git directly as we no longer have to have
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gitea built from within the GOPATH.
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea
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```
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(Previous versions of this document recommended using `go get`. This is
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no longer necessary.)
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Decide which version of Gitea to build and install. Currently, there are
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multiple options to choose from. The `master` branch represents the current
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development version. To build with master, skip to the [build section](#build).
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To work with tagged releases, the following commands can be used:
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```bash
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git branch -a
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git checkout v{{< version >}}
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```
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To validate a Pull Request, first enable the new branch (`xyz` is the PR id;
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for example `2663` for [#2663](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/2663)):
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```bash
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git fetch origin pull/xyz/head:pr-xyz
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```
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To build Gitea from source at a specific tagged release (like v{{< version >}}), list the
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available tags and check out the specific tag.
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List available tags with the following.
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```bash
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git tag -l
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git checkout v{{< version >}} # or git checkout pr-xyz
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```
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## Build
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To build from source, the following programs must be present on the system:
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- `go` {{< min-go-version >}} or higher, see [here](https://golang.org/dl/)
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- `node` {{< min-node-version >}} or higher with `npm`, see [here](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
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- `make`, see <a href='{{< relref "doc/advanced/make.en-us.md" >}}'>here</a>
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Various [make tasks](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/master/Makefile)
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are provided to keep the build process as simple as possible.
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Depending on requirements, the following build tags can be included.
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* `bindata`: Build a single monolithic binary, with all assets included.
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* `sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify`: Enable support for a
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[SQLite3](https://sqlite.org/) database. Suggested only for tiny
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installations.
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* `pam`: Enable support for PAM (Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules). Can
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be used to authenticate local users or extend authentication to methods
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available to PAM.
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Bundling assets into the binary using the `bindata` build tag is recommended for
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production deployments. It is possible to serve the static assets directly via a reverse proxy,
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but in most cases it is not necessary, and assets should still be bundled in the binary.
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You may want to exclude bindata while developing/testing Gitea.
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To include assets, add the `bindata` tag:
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```bash
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TAGS="bindata" make build
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```
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In the default release build of our continuous integration system, the build
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tags are: `TAGS="bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"`. The simplest
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recommended way to build from source is therefore:
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```bash
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TAGS="bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify" make build
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```
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The `build` target is split into two sub-targets:
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- `make backend` which requires [Go {{< min-go-version >}}](https://golang.org/dl/) or greater.
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- `make frontend` which requires [Node.js {{< min-node-version >}}](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) or greater.
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If pre-built frontend files are present it is possible to only build the backend:
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```bash
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TAGS="bindata" make backend
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```
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## Test
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After following the steps above, a `gitea` binary will be available in the working directory.
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It can be tested from this directory or moved to a directory with test data. When Gitea is
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launched manually from command line, it can be killed by pressing `Ctrl + C`.
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```bash
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./gitea web
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```
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## Changing the default CustomPath, CustomConf and AppWorkPath
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Gitea will search for a number of things from the `CustomPath`. By default this is
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the `custom/` directory in the current working directory when running Gitea. It will also
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look for its configuration file `CustomConf` in `$CustomPath/conf/app.ini`, and will use the
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current working directory as the relative base path `AppWorkPath` for a number configurable
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values.
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These values, although useful when developing, may conflict with downstream users preferences.
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One option is to use a script file to shadow the `gitea` binary and create an appropriate
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environment before running Gitea. However, when building you can change these defaults
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using the `LDFLAGS` environment variable for `make`. The appropriate settings are as follows
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* To set the `CustomPath` use `LDFLAGS="-X \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting.CustomPath=custom-path\""`
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* For `CustomConf` you should use `-X \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting.CustomConf=conf.ini\"`
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* For `AppWorkPath` you should use `-X \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting.AppWorkPath=working-path\"`
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Add as many of the strings with their preceding `-X` to the `LDFLAGS` variable and run `make build`
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with the appropriate `TAGS` as above.
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Running `gitea help` will allow you to review what the computed settings will be for your `gitea`.
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## Cross Build
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The `go` compiler toolchain supports cross-compiling to different architecture targets that are supported by the toolchain. See [`GOOS` and `GOARCH` environment variable](https://golang.org/doc/install/source#environment) for the list of supported targets. Cross compilation is helpful if you want to build Gitea for less-powerful systems (such as Raspberry Pi).
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To cross build Gitea with build tags (`TAGS`), you also need a C cross compiler which targets the same architecture as selected by the `GOOS` and `GOARCH` variables. For example, to cross build for Linux ARM64 (`GOOS=linux` and `GOARCH=arm64`), you need the `aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc` cross compiler. This is required because Gitea build tags uses `cgo`'s foreign-function interface (FFI).
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Cross-build Gitea for Linux ARM64, without any tags:
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```
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GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 make build
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```
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Cross-build Gitea for Linux ARM64, with recommended build tags:
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```
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CC=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 TAGS="bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify" make build
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```
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Replace `CC`, `GOOS`, and `GOARCH` as appropriate for your architecture target.
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