gitea/vendor/github.com/go-xorm/xorm/README_CN.md

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# xorm
[English](https://github.com/go-xorm/xorm/blob/master/README.md)
xorm是一个简单而强大的Go语言ORM库. 通过它可以使数据库操作非常简便。
[![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/go-xorm/xorm.svg?style=shield)](https://circleci.com/gh/go-xorm/xorm) [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/go-xorm/xorm/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/go-xorm/xorm)
[![](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/go-xorm/xorm)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/go-xorm/xorm)
[![Join the chat at https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg](https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg)](https://discord.gg/HuR2CF3)
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## 特性
* 支持Struct和数据库表之间的灵活映射并支持自动同步
* 事务支持
* 同时支持原始SQL语句和ORM操作的混合执行
* 使用连写来简化调用
* 支持使用Id, In, Where, Limit, Join, Having, Table, Sql, Cols等函数和结构体等方式作为条件
* 支持级联加载Struct
* 支持缓存
* 支持根据数据库自动生成xorm的结构体
* 支持记录版本(即乐观锁)
* 内置SQL Builder支持
## 驱动支持
目前支持的Go数据库驱动和对应的数据库如下
* Mysql: [github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql)
* MyMysql: [github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv](https://github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv)
* Postgres: [github.com/lib/pq](https://github.com/lib/pq)
* Tidb: [github.com/pingcap/tidb](https://github.com/pingcap/tidb)
* SQLite: [github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
* MsSql: [github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb](https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb)
* MsSql: [github.com/lunny/godbc](https://github.com/lunny/godbc)
* Oracle: [github.com/mattn/go-oci8](https://github.com/mattn/go-oci8) (试验性支持)
## 更新日志
* **v0.6.3**
* 合并单元测试到主工程
* 新增`Exist`方法
* 新增`SumInt`方法
* Mysql新增读取和创建字段注释支持
* 新增`SetConnMaxLifetime`方法
* 修正了时间相关的Bug
* 修复了一些其它Bug
* **v0.6.2**
* 重构Tag解析方式
* Get方法新增类似Scan的特性
* 新增 QueryString 方法
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* **v0.6.0**
* 去除对 ql 的支持
* 新增条件查询分析器 [github.com/go-xorm/builder](https://github.com/go-xorm/builder), 从因此 `Where, And, Or` 函数
将可以用 `builder.Cond` 作为条件组合
* 新增 Sum, SumInt, SumInt64 和 NotIn 函数
* Bug修正
* **v0.5.0**
* logging接口进行不兼容改变
* Bug修正
[更多更新日志...](https://github.com/go-xorm/manual-zh-CN/tree/master/chapter-16)
## 安装
go get github.com/go-xorm/xorm
## 文档
* [操作指南](http://xorm.io/docs)
* [GoWalker代码文档](http://gowalker.org/github.com/go-xorm/xorm)
* [Godoc代码文档](http://godoc.org/github.com/go-xorm/xorm)
# 快速开始
* 第一步创建引擎driverName, dataSourceName和database/sql接口相同
```Go
engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, dataSourceName)
```
* 定义一个和表同步的结构体,并且自动同步结构体到数据库
```Go
type User struct {
Id int64
Name string
Salt string
Age int
Passwd string `xorm:"varchar(200)"`
Created time.Time `xorm:"created"`
Updated time.Time `xorm:"updated"`
}
err := engine.Sync2(new(User))
```
* `Query` 最原始的也支持SQL语句查询返回的结果类型为 []map[string][]byte。`QueryString` 返回 []map[string]string
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```Go
results, err := engine.Query("select * from user")
results, err := engine.QueryString("select * from user")
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```
* `Exec` 执行一个SQL语句
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```Go
affected, err := engine.Exec("update user set age = ? where name = ?", age, name)
```
* 插入一条或者多条记录
```Go
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user)
// INSERT INTO struct () values ()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &user2)
// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
// INSERT INTO struct2 () values ()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&users)
// INSERT INTO struct () values (),(),()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &users)
// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
// INSERT INTO struct2 () values (),(),()
```
* 查询单条记录
```Go
has, err := engine.Get(&user)
// SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 1
has, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Desc("id").Get(&user)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1
var name string
has, err := engine.Where("id = ?", id).Cols("name").Get(&name)
// SELECT name FROM user WHERE id = ?
var id int64
has, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Cols("id").Get(&id)
// SELECT id FROM user WHERE name = ?
var valuesMap = make(map[string]string)
has, err := engine.Where("id = ?", id).Get(&valuesMap)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = ?
var valuesSlice = make([]interface{}, len(cols))
has, err := engine.Where("id = ?", id).Cols(cols...).Get(&valuesSlice)
// SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM user WHERE id = ?
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```
* 检测记录是否存在
```Go
has, err := testEngine.Exist(new(RecordExist))
// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Exist(&RecordExist{
Name: "test1",
})
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist(&RecordExist{})
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.SQL("select * from record_exist where name = ?", "test1").Exist()
// select * from record_exist where name = ?
has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Exist()
// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist()
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
```
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* 查询多条记录当然可以使用Join和extends来组合使用
```Go
var users []User
err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).And("age > 10").Limit(10, 0).Find(&users)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? AND age > 10 limit 0 offset 10
type Detail struct {
Id int64
UserId int64 `xorm:"index"`
}
type UserDetail struct {
User `xorm:"extends"`
Detail `xorm:"extends"`
}
var users []UserDetail
err := engine.Table("user").Select("user.*, detail.*")
Join("INNER", "detail", "detail.user_id = user.id").
Where("user.name = ?", name).Limit(10, 0).
Find(&users)
// SELECT user.*, detail.* FROM user INNER JOIN detail WHERE user.name = ? limit 0 offset 10
```
* 根据条件遍历数据库,可以有两种方式: Iterate and Rows
```Go
err := engine.Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error {
user := bean.(*User)
return nil
})
// SELECT * FROM user
rows, err := engine.Rows(&User{Name:name})
// SELECT * FROM user
defer rows.Close()
bean := new(Struct)
for rows.Next() {
err = rows.Scan(bean)
}
```
* 更新数据除非使用Cols,AllCols函数指明默认只更新非空和非0的字段
```Go
affected, err := engine.Id(1).Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET ... Where id = ?
affected, err := engine.Update(&user, &User{Name:name})
// UPDATE user SET ... Where name = ?
var ids = []int64{1, 2, 3}
affected, err := engine.In(ids).Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET ... Where id IN (?, ?, ?)
// force update indicated columns by Cols
affected, err := engine.Id(1).Cols("age").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? Where id = ?
// force NOT update indicated columns by Omit
affected, err := engine.Id(1).Omit("name").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? Where id = ?
affected, err := engine.Id(1).AllCols().Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET name=?,age=?,salt=?,passwd=?,updated=? Where id = ?
```
* 删除记录需要注意删除必须至少有一个条件否则会报错。要清空数据库可以用EmptyTable
```Go
affected, err := engine.Where(...).Delete(&user)
// DELETE FROM user Where ...
```
* 获取记录条数
```Go
counts, err := engine.Count(&user)
// SELECT count(*) AS total FROM user
```
* 条件编辑器
```Go
err := engine.Where(builder.NotIn("a", 1, 2).And(builder.In("b", "c", "d", "e"))).Find(&users)
// SELECT id, name ... FROM user WHERE a NOT IN (?, ?) AND b IN (?, ?, ?)
```
# 案例
* [Go语言中文网](http://studygolang.com/) - [github.com/studygolang/studygolang](https://github.com/studygolang/studygolang)
* [Gitea](http://gitea.io) - [github.com/go-gitea/gitea](http://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
* [Gogs](http://try.gogits.org) - [github.com/gogits/gogs](http://github.com/gogits/gogs)
* [grafana](https://grafana.com/) - [github.com/grafana/grafana](http://github.com/grafana/grafana)
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* [github.com/m3ng9i/qreader](https://github.com/m3ng9i/qreader)
* [Wego](http://github.com/go-tango/wego)
* [Docker.cn](https://docker.cn/)
* [Xorm Adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter) for [Casbin](https://github.com/casbin/casbin) - [github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter)
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* [Gowalker](http://gowalker.org) - [github.com/Unknwon/gowalker](http://github.com/Unknwon/gowalker)
* [Gobuild.io](http://gobuild.io) - [github.com/shxsun/gobuild](http://github.com/shxsun/gobuild)
* [Sudo China](http://sudochina.com) - [github.com/insionng/toropress](http://github.com/insionng/toropress)
* [Godaily](http://godaily.org) - [github.com/govc/godaily](http://github.com/govc/godaily)
* [YouGam](http://www.yougam.com/)
* [GoCMS - github.com/zzboy/GoCMS](https://github.com/zzdboy/GoCMS)
* [GoBBS - gobbs.domolo.com](http://gobbs.domolo.com/)
* [go-blog](http://wangcheng.me) - [github.com/easykoo/go-blog](https://github.com/easykoo/go-blog)
## 讨论
请加入QQ群280360085 进行讨论。
## 贡献
如果您也想为Xorm贡献您的力量请查看 [CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/go-xorm/xorm/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
## LICENSE
BSD License
[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/)